Análisis descriptivo de los ingresos de menores de edad en una unidad de psiquiatría / Descriptive analysis of the admission of minors into a psychiatric unit

INTRODUCCIÓN: El ingreso de menores en unidades de hospitalización de psiquiatría de adultos constituye un problema debido a la ausencia de recursos adecuados y de datos epidemiológicos. OBJETIVO: Describir y analizar las características sociodemográficas y clínicas de los menores que ingresaron en la Unidad de Hospitalización Breve de Psiquiatría en Cáceres. Sujetos y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo. La muestra estuvo definida por pacientes de edades comprendidas entre los 12 y los 18 años, hospitalizados en la unidad de psiquiatría. El periodo de evaluación fue entre el 1 de enero del 2014 y el 31 de diciembre del 2018. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 79 pacientes. La edad media fue de 15,72 (± 1,65) años. El 93,6% presentaron antecedentes psiquiátricos personales. El diagnóstico al alta más frecuente en los varones fueron los trastornos destructivos del control de impulsos; en las mujeres los trastornos afectivos. El 40,6% presentaron antecedentes de consumo de sustancias, siendo más frecuente en varones, lo cual empeoraba el pronóstico. La estancia media fue de 5,4 (± 4,7) días. La prolongación de la estancia media se relacionó con los antecedentes de ingresos psiquiátricos previos, el número de diagnósticos al alta, un mayor número de fármacos al alta y aquellos que recibieron antipsicóticos inyectables de liberación prolongada (p < 0,005 en todos los casos). CONCLUSIONES: El estudio identifica el perfil sociodemográfico y clínico del menor ingresado en la unidad de psiquiatría y cómo la estancia hospitalaria se asoció con antecedentes psiquiátricos previos y una complejidad diagnóstica y clínica

INTRODUCTION: The admission of minors into adult psychiatric units is a problem and is due to the lack of adequate resources and epidemiology data. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to describe and analyse the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of minors that were admitted into the Short-Stay Psychiatric Hospitalisation Unit of Caceres, Spain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective, observational, and descriptive study was conducted on a sample of patients between 12 and 18 years-old admitted to the Psychiatric Unit. The study period was between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2018. RESULTS: A total of 79 patients, with a mean age of 15.72 (± 1.65) years, were included. Almost all of them (93.6%) had a personal psychiatric history. The most common diagnoses at discharge in males were disruptive, impulse-control and conduct disorders, and mood disorders in females. A history of substance consumption was present in 40.6%, and was more common in males, which led to a worse prognosis. The mean stay was 5.4 (± 4.7) days. Prolongation of the mean stay was associated with a history of previous psychiatric admissions, the number of diagnoses at discharge, a greater number of drugs at discharge, and those that received long-acting injectable antipsychotic drugs (p < 0.005 in all cases). CONCLUSIONS: The study identified the sociodemographic and clinical profile of the minor admitted to the Psychiatric Unit, and how the hospital stay was associated with previous psychiatric history, as well as diagnostic and clinical complexity

[Descriptive analysis of the admission of minors into a psychiatric unit]. / Análisis descriptivo de los ingresos de menores de edad en una unidad de psiquiatría.

INTRODUCTION: The admission of minors into adult psychiatric units is a problem and is due to the lack of adequate resources and epidemiology data. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to describe and analyse the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of minors that were admitted into the Short-Stay Psychiatric Hospitalisation Unit of Caceres, Spain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective, observational, and descriptive study was conducted on a sample of patients between 12 and 18 years-old admitted to the Psychiatric Unit. The study period was between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2018. RESULTS: A total of 79 patients, with a mean age of 15.72 (± 1.65) years, were included. Almost all of them (93.6%) had a personal psychiatric history. The most common diagnoses at discharge in males were disruptive, impulse-control and conduct disorders, and mood disorders in females. A history of substance consumption was present in 40.6%, and was more common in males, which led to a worse prognosis. The mean stay was 5.4 (± 4.7) days. Prolongation of the mean stay was associated with a history of previous psychiatric admissions, the number of diagnoses at discharge, a greater number of drugs at discharge, and those that received long-acting injectable antipsychotic drugs (p < 0.005 in all cases). CONCLUSIONS: The study identified the sociodemographic and clinical profile of the minor admitted to the Psychiatric Unit, and how the hospital stay was associated with previous psychiatric history, as well as diagnostic and clinical complexity.